These traits are rarely seen in monkeys that live in the Americas. Hamadryas baboons have characteristics typical of monkeys native to Africa and Asia like non-grasping (or prehensile) tails, they are primarily terrestrial, and they have opposable thumbs that are very similar to a human's thumb. Hamadryas baboons belong to a group of monkeys found in Africa and Asia. There are many physical differences between monkeys native to Africa and Asia and those native to the Americas. Dominant males may also produce a two-phase bark to ward of predators and other male baboons. Teeth-chattering and lip-smacking are considered reassurance behaviors, and are usually performed by dominant males as a sign of comfort. Social grooming is extremely important for building relationships. But fear not, these baboons have behaviors known to comfort one another as well. In fact, staring is considered a threat behavior! Other threat behaviors include tension yawns, during which a baboon’s canine teeth are clearly exposed, as well as head bobbing. As the sun sets, the groups return to the sleeping site, and the monkeys coalesce once again for more social grooming before it is time for bed.Īlthough staring contests and lip-smacking may seem like trivial, if not amusing, ways of interacting with our friends, these behaviors have completely different meanings to hamadryas baboons. Then, it’s back to more foraging in OMU formations. The troop reunites in the afternoon for a water break, especially during dry times. The troop leaves the sleeping site, breaks off into smaller groups called bands, and the bands separate into OMUs to forage for food. After awaking around sunrise, troops of several hundred baboons will come together to "monkey around." This includes chasing, playing, and social grooming within their "One Male Unit" (OMU) social group. Hamadryas baboons are diurnal, meaning that they are active during the day. These baboons sport a relatively short, tufted tail that is not prehensile. While the females have hairless black and brown faces, the male hamadryas baboon has a distinctive mantle (mane) of long silvery hair and a bright pink face and backside. Both males and females have brown or light gray fur. Hamadryas baboons are large-bodied monkeys with a strong build and a dog-like muzzle. The remarkable silver manes and pink faces of adult males add to the unique nature of these intelligent primates. In fact, no other kind of baboon resides as far north as hamadryas baboons. Though currently extinct in Egypt, these monkeys can be found in large populations in Ethiopia, Somalia, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen. These hardy Old World monkeys display complex social behaviors, and can live in troops of several hundred individuals. This baboon is no buffoon: Once revered by Ancient Egyptians as representatives of the Egyptian god of learning, hamadryas baboons are also referred to as Sacred Baboons.
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